Which term describes the arrangement and grouping of soil particles?

The term that describes the arrangement and grouping of soil particles is soil structure. Soil structure refers to the way in which soil particles—such as sand, silt, and clay—are aggregated together to form clumps, known as peds. This arrangement significantly influences various soil properties, including porosity, permeability, and the ability of the soil to retain moisture and nutrients. A well-developed soil structure facilitates better aeration and root growth, making it a critical factor in soil health and agricultural productivity.

In contrast, soil texture focuses on the size and proportion of soil particles in terms of sand, silt, and clay, but does not consider how these particles are arranged. Soil strength relates to the ability of the soil to withstand loads and pressures, and it is also a concept related to the soil's physical properties rather than its arrangement. Soil erosion refers to the removal of topsoil by wind, water, or other agents, which is a process affecting soil rather than a property of its arrangement. Thus, soil structure is the most accurate term for describing how soil particles are arranged and grouped.