What is the primary goal of incorporating swales at the top of retaining walls?

The primary goal of incorporating swales at the top of retaining walls is to enhance drainage. Swales are shallow, vegetated channels designed to manage water runoff, allowing for the efficient collection and conveyance of surface water. By placing swales at the top of retaining walls, they serve to direct water away from the wall structure and prevent potential erosion or water pooling, which could compromise the integrity of the wall. This strategic placement is crucial for maintaining the stability of the retaining structure and promoting proper water management in the surrounding landscape.

While aesthetics, biodiversity, and pedestrian access can be important considerations in landscape design, their roles are secondary compared to the fundamental function of swales regarding drainage performance at critical locations like the top of retaining walls.