What characterizes Italian gardens?

Italian gardens are characterized by their formal and orderly design, which emphasizes symmetry, structured layouts, and an adherence to classical aesthetics. This formal approach often includes geometric shapes, carefully planned pathways, and well-defined planting beds. The gardens typically feature a balanced blend of hardscape and softscape elements, where structures like terraces, topiary, and fountains play a significant role in the overall design.

The emphasis is on creating harmonious sightlines and vistas, with avenues of trees and well-manicured hedges guiding visitors through the space. The use of sculptures and architectural elements further contributes to the ordered appearance, providing focal points and enhancing the aesthetic appeal.

In contrast, the other choices describe characteristics that do not align with the traditional concept of Italian gardens. Casual and wild designs refer more to natural landscapes, native plant species highlight biodiversity rather than formality, and while Italian gardens may feature water elements, they are not characterized primarily by extensive water features. Instead, the balance and order are central to their charm and representation of Renaissance ideals in garden design.